Gastroenterology and Digestive Diseases

GI bleeding and Pathology

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Gastrointestinal bleeding is one of the common complaints of the patients which could be chronic, mild or lethal. Most of the times, GI bleeding is contained by itself, but they are however evaluated to avoid a recurrence and to avoid further progression of infection, if any. Upper GI endoscopy is the first step during a GI bleed, if the result rules out any upper GI bleeding, then a colonoscopy is performed to ascertain that the bleeding is in the lower GI tract. Upper GI bleed is usually caused due to peptic ulcers, gastritis, esophageal varices, upper GI cancers or inflammation of the GI.  While the common cause of bleed in the lower GI tract is diverticulosis, colon cancers or colon polyps, IBD, hemorrhoids, or anal fissures. Symptoms include abdominal pain, breathlessness, pale skin, or passing out.